Furnace oil is a product of direct distillation of diesel oil fractions. Due to its excellent thermal capacity and low cost it is widely used for heating of private houses, stationary heating systems, industrial buildings and power plants. Furnace oil is residual fuel oil of different viscosity and produced from oil distillation residues. The approximate viscosity of the product is 50OC. they are often used in industries for refueling of large generators. Heavy fuel is denser and may freeze in containers without additional heating, especially is the cold season. The boiler heated with furnace oil has high efficiency and require minimal operator's participation, therefore it is in demand for heating of sub-urban real estate using autonomous systems. It does not have to comply with strict standards for the cetane and iodine numbers, cloud points, and the Sulphur content often exceeds 1%. It means that such fuel cheaper and easier than diesel oil and as a result, it is cheaper. To improve its technical parameters, heating (furnace) oil is lightened. Lightening means eliminating the impurities (using Sulphurous) using special substances.
Diesel oil is used for the operation of piston diesel internal combustion engine. In gasoline engines, ignition occurs from a spark, whereas in diesel engines fuel ignites when compressed under high pressure. The exhaust gas temperature of diesel engine is lower than that of a gasoline engine. Due to which the loss of heat and power is reduced, which makes the diesel more economical. Previously, the production and sale of diesel oil was associated mainly with large and heavy equipment, but today more and more cars are provided with diesel engines. Environmental friendliness and operating qualities of diesel oil is constantly increasing alongside expanding the possibilities of application. In addition to automotive equipment, diesel oil is used for generators of power plants, heating boilers, water and railway transport. The main indicator of diesel oil quality is cetane number (CN). It is responsible for the time interval between ingress of oil into the cylinder and ignition. The higher the CN, the shorter this time and the higher the cost of diesel oil. Hight CN of diesel oil determines: Complete combustion of diesel oil without engine overheating Increase the traction parameters Increase the service life of engine parts Increase the power and economy of diesel engine Each diesel engine is engineered for a specific CN, at which it will operate optimally. Therefore, a high figure is not always the best. Preferred values of the CN lie in the range from 50 - 60
Coal is combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock, formed as rock strata called coal seams. Coal is mostly carbon with variable amounts of other elements; chiefly hydrogen, Sulphur, oxygen, and nitrogen. Coal is formed when dead plant matter decays into peat and is converted into coal by the heat and pressure of deep burial over millions of years. As a fossil fuel burnt for heat, coal supplies about a quarter of the world's primary energy and 2/5th of its electricity. Some iron and steel making and other industrial processes burn coal. Different varieties of coal arise because of differences in the kinds of plants material (coal type), degree of coalification (coal rank), and range of impurities (coal grade). Coal is an abundant natural resource that can be used as a source of energy, as a chemical source from which numerous synthetic compounds can be derived and in the production of coke for metallurgical processes. Coal is a major source of energy in the production of electrical power using steam generation.
This colorless slightly oily liquid was especially popular in the 19th and 20th century when used in kerosene lamps for lighting and in stoves for cooking. Kerosene widely used in various fields due to its properties: Increases wear resistance of mechanism Dissolves organic compounds Has a stable composition Quickly evaporates Has a high combustion temperature (upto 300oC) Resistant to thermal oxidation The composition of kerosene includes compounds of Sulphur, oxygen, and nitrogen as well as various types of hydrocarbons. The cost of kerosene is lower than the cost of gasoline.
White spirit is a specially refined product in the naphtha boiling range. It has a variety of uses including as an extraction solvent, a cleaner (paint thinner), or a degreaser. It is a common solvent in paints, lacquers, varnishes, aerosols, and asphalts. It's also known as solvent naphtha, mineral spirit, varsol, mineral turpentine, petroleum spirits, solvent naphtha (petroleum), or, generically paint thinner. A mixture of aliphatic and alicyclic C7 to C12 hydrocarbons, white spirit is used as an extraction solvent, as a cleaning solvent, as a degreasing solvent. In western Europe about 60% of the total white spirit consumption is used in paints, lacquers and varnishes. White spirit is the most widely used solvent in the paint industry. In households, white spirit is commonly used to clean paint brushes after use.
Gasoline is the most common type of fuel that is used for most vehicles. It is colorless or slightly yellowish flammable liquid consisting mainly of hydrocarbons. It is produced by distilling oil or splitting petroleum products. Gasoline is used for spark ignition internal combustion engines in road and air transport. The quality of the fuel determines the operability and durability of the engine. Motors are developed by the manufacturers for a specific type of hydrocarbon mixture. Gasoline, as fuel, must meet the requirements of the motor and have certain characteristics: Octane Fractional composition Saturated vapor pressure, etc.
Bitumen is widely used in the construction of asphalt roads and bituminous membrane products. Bitumen is commonly used to build highways, motorways and rail networks. Bitumen has excellent water-proofing properties and is widely used for making roofing products along with a range of other household and industrial applications, from emulsion paints to sound-proofing. Bitumen has been proven to be effective on both high-speed railway tracks and heavy-load railway tracks. It is also used for surfacing airfield runways and air strips and taxi ways. For the marine construction industry bitumen is used of hydraulic applications such as canal lining, underwater tunnels, river bank protection, dam construction and sea defence. There are also numerous industrial applications like roofing felt material, printing inks, packaging paper, linoleum, electrical cable/junction box insulation, mastic for roofing of terraces, and duplex paper manufacture. The penetration test determines the hardness of bitumen by measuring the depth(in tenths of mm) to which a standard, and loaded needle will vertically penetrate in 5 seconds, a sample of bitumen maintained at a temperature of 250c. hence the softer the bitumen, the greater will be its number of penetration units. We offer the following grades of penetration bitumen including Bitumen 80/100, Bitumen 85/100, Bitumen 35/50, Bitumen 40/50, Bitumen 50/70, Bitumen 60/70 and Bitumen 160/220.
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LPG - Liquified petroleum gas or liquid petroleum gas is mixture of flammable hydrocarbon gases that include propane, butane, isobutane and mixture of the three LPG gases. LPG is commonly used for home heating gases, cooking, hot water, refrigerants, aerosol propellants, petrochemical feedstock, and Autogas fuel for LPG - cars and vehicles. LPG gas comes from oil and gas wells, as is a fossil fuel. LPG gas manufacturing process includes natural gas processing and the crude oil refinery process. LPG liquified through pressurization, comes from natural gas processing and oil refining. It can be compressed into liquid at relatively low pressures. LPG is generally stored, as a liquid in steel vessels ranging form small BBQ gas bottles to larger gas cylinders and LPG storage tanks.
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Heavy fuel oils are referred to as low sulfur fuel oil (LSFO) if their sulfur content is below 1%. Usually these are marine fuel types IFO 180 or IFO 380, which have been desulfurized. Until the end of 2014, ships could still travel through Emission Control Areas (ECAs) with this type of marine fuel.
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Light diesel oil, or LDO, is a blend of components from the distillation process of diesel. It is used in engines with an RPM less than 750, such as boilers and furnaces. LDO is also referred to as distillate fuel or marked oil since it is marked with a coloring substance. A number of properties must meet standard requirements for a fuel to be classified as light diesel oil.
A lubricant is a substance, usually organic, introduced to reduce friction between surfaces in mutual contact, which ultimately reduces the heat generated when the surfaces move. It may also have the function of transmitting forces, transporting foreign particles, or heating or cooling the surfaces. In addition to industrial applications, lubricants are used for many other purposes. Other uses include cooking, bio-applications on humans, ultrasound examination, medical examination. It is mainly used to reduce friction and to contribute to a better and efficient functioning of a mechanism.
The other related petroleum products are asphalt, bio-diesel, paraffin wax, tar, naphtha, petrochemicals plastics.